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''Circus'' is the sixth studio album by American recording artist Britney Spears. It was released on November 28, 2008, by Jive Records. Looking to transition from her "darker and more urban" fifth studio album ''Blackout'' (2007), Spears wanted to make her next project "a little bit lighter", incorporating electropop and dance-pop styles. Spears recorded the record during the summer of 2008, after her much-publicized personal struggles saw her placement under a temporary conservatorship earlier that year. As executive producers, Larry Rudolph and Teresa LaBarbera Whites enlisted collaborators including Spears' longtime colleague Max Martin and Nate "Danja" Hills. Upon its release, ''Circus'' received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who complimented its production but were ambivalent towards its lyrical content. It debuted at number one on the US ''Billboard'' 200 with first-week sales of over 505,000 copies, making it her fifth album to reach the top of the chart. The album topped charts in nine additional countries. The record eventually exceeded sales of 4 million copies and 15 million digital tracks, in doing so it became Spears' best-selling album since her fourth studio album ''In the Zone'' (2003). The project was promoted through a series of television performances and Spears' fifth concert tour The Circus Starring Britney Spears. The latter generated controversy during the Australian leg after accusations of lip-syncing surfaced. Four singles were released from the album, two of which became international successes. Its lead single "Womanizer" peaked atop the US ''Billboard'' Hot 100 and registered as the largest jump to the top of the chart after debuting at number ninety-six. It became Spears's best-selling song in the country since "...Baby One More Time", and gained a Grammy Award nomination for Best Dance Recording. The second and third singles "Circus" and "If U Seek Amy" peaked at numbers three and nineteen in the country, respectively. Consequentially, ''Circus'' became Spears's second album after her debut effort ''...Baby One More Time'' (1999) to have two top ten singles three top-twenty hits, being her first to have two top five hits in the United States along with five charting songs on the Hot 100. ==Background and development== During the summer of 2008, it was confirmed that Spears was in the process of recording her sixth studio album. With the album's announcement came the additional confirmation of the involvement of producers Sean Garrett, Guy Sigsworth, Danja and Bloodshy & Avant. During its development, Garrett and vocal producer Jim Beanz complimented Spears's work ethic after her much-publicized personal struggles the previous year. Spears chose to write much of the material for the album and worked to develop a more pop-influenced record with collaborators she had worked with earlier in her career.〔 She stated that ''Circus'' marked the longest time she had spent recording an album, adding, "I think it is more urban () I'm writing every day, right here at the piano in this living room" and also described the album as her best work to date. Producer Claude Kelly discussed the album's initial lack of concept saying, "When I went in with (Luke ) we knew we were going to maybe write something for (), but there was no concept, it was just knowing her style and knowing what she does.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A&R, Record Label / Company, Music Publishing, Artist Manager and Music Industry Directory )〕 Max Martin, who produced Spears's first hit "...Baby One More Time", produced "If U Seek Amy" for the album. The Outsyders, an Atlanta-based production team, produced the album's first single, while Fernando Garibay worked on two bonus songs for Spears. Danja reported that he worked on the tracks at Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, and Spears recorded them at Glenwood Place Studios in Burbank; the Canadian trio Let's Go to War co-wrote and produced the track "Mmm Papi". Lil Jon, Rodney Jerkins, Sean Garrett, and Taio Cruz, announced they were working with Spears, though their tracks are not included on the official track listing. Spears commented of the album's title, "I like the fact that you're always on the edge of your seat when you're at a circus. You're never bored () You're just really engulfed in what's going on around you. And you want to know what's going to happen next."〔 The album shared a release date with the similarly titled album ''The Circus'' by British group Take That. ''Circus'' was initially scheduled to be released worldwide on December 2, 2008, on Spears's 27th birthday. However, after unauthorized online leaks, imeem began streaming the album from their website on November 25. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Circus (Britney Spears album)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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